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This diagnostic study, conducted by WFP on behalf of the Rwandan Social Protection Sector Working Group in 2020, sets out opportunities for integrating disaster risk management in the social protection sector in Rwanda to enhance the effectiveness of sectoral efforts in meeting the country’s poverty eradication goals. The analysis explores climate variability and shocks in Rwanda, concluding that the national risk profile is unique warranting innovative and context-specific approaches to climate-sensitive and shock-responsive social protection. The report identifies opportunities to enhance risk reduction, absorption and transfer through the social protection sector, across policy, institution arrangements, financing, data and monitoring and evaluation systems as well as specific programmes, including the flagship government social protection programme, Vision 2020 Umurenge Program (VUP). The opportunities are meant for the government and development partners to explore in future programming.